Knowledge and Practices of Health Care Nurses in the Prevention and Management of Pressure Ulcers among Home-Based Care Patients in Pakistan: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Pressure Ulcers (PU), decubitus ulcers, are localized injuries to the skin, and underlying tissues, often over bony prominence, resulting from pressure or shear. It remains a significant global healthcare challenge, especially in home-based care settings. This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge and practices of home health care nurses in Karachi, Pakistan, regarding PU prevention and management. Fifty registered nurses from a home health care agency participated, completing a self-administered questionnaire. The findings revealed that 78% of participants were knowledgeable about PU development and preventive measures, such as repositioning and early signs. Still, gaps existed in understanding staging and the role of nutrition. Barriers, including staff shortages (32%) and lack of resources (20%), hindered optimal care delivery. Despite their awareness, inconsistent application of knowledge in practice was evident. These results underscore the need for targeted training programs, adherence to evidence-based guidelines, and resource allocation to bridge the knowledge-practice gap. Enhancing nurses' competencies in PU prevention and management can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs in home-based settings.