Classification of Organizational Development Interventions: An Exploratory Literature Review

Abstract

Organizations need contemporary strategies to deal with the "polycrisis" corporate environment. Organization Development (OD) interventions offer solutions to address current and future challenges. However, there is still "ambiguity" in OD interventions for students, academics, and business planners in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. The study aims to classify OD interventions based on the types of performances they demonstrate to remove the "ambiguity." We conducted an exploratory literature review study to explore the phenomenon. We classified OD interventions, with examples, into four different groups: structural, technological, behavioral, and strategic. The findings recommend value-producing corporate cultures because industries are moving towards "smart factories" and "smart units." Positive behavior, satisfaction, determination, and trust among employees are the main instruments to improve performance. The findings also suggest that OD courses be taught at the university level to improve students' "employability." The conclusions have significant implications for business students, academics, and business strategists in Pakistan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.