Clean Drinking Water Issues in Rural Community of District Mardan (Pakistan)

Abstract

Water has a vital role in the socioeconomic condition of the country. Water is essential for agricultural production and plays a significant role in health. The present study was held in District Mardan Since 2024. The core objectives of the study were to examine issues related to clean drinking water and to find problems and constraints faced by rural communities for drinking water in the study area. District Mardan consist of three Tehsils namely Katlang, Tahkth Bai and Mardan. At the same time, two villages, Lundkhwar and Parkho Kali, were purposively selected based on more issues related to Thakhth Bai drinking water. The total of households in both villages was 1190. By Yamani Formula, the sample was fixed to 299. Through allocation proportion methodology, 299 were distributed among the two villages. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used for data analysis to investigate the overall significance of the results. The results show that the association between air pollution, rusted pipes, low-income, and open sewerage systems was highly significant at 0.05 confidence level. In contrast, other independent variables, i.e., water, birth disease, water drainage system, low water pressure, septic tank, and chlorination, had insignificant associations with water quality at 0.05 confidence level. The study recommends that the government facilitate rural communities by providing clean drinking water and bringing awareness regarding water related issues; the government should control the problems related to the study area to escape the study area from the attack of disease.