NLP Based Text Mining and Visualization of Presidential Discourses from Israel and Iran 2023-2025

Abstract

This study employs computational linguistics and topic modelling techniques (LDA) to explore war and peace narratives in presidential discourses from Iran and Israel between 2023 and 2025, using Python-based NLP workflows. Focusing on speeches delivered by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and President Masoud Pezeshkian—particularly at the 2024 UN General Assembly— this research applies NLP-based text mining, LDA topic modelling to extract dominant themes and terminologies. Furthermore, LDA topic visualisation, t-SNE distribution of themes, and lexical dispersion plots further clarify the Israel-Iran narrative structures and diplomatic positioning. The analysis provides insight into the distribution of key geopolitical and ideological terms in the discourse of Iranian and Israeli presidents between 2023 and 2025. These findings suggest that Netanyahu’s discourse is heavily centred on security, threat perception, and justification of military action. He frames Israel as a peace-seeking nation and Iran as a destabilising force. In contrast, Pezeshkian constructs a counter-narrative by emphasising international sanctions, external aggression, and Iran's pursuit of justice against Western and Israeli hegemony. It shows Iran's sustained efforts to promote a narrative of peace, justice, and resistance while strategically responding to international accusations and geopolitical tensions. This research contributes to the understanding of political discourse construction through computational linguistic analysis. The visualisation techniques not only validated the researcher's thematic labelling but also enhanced the interpretability of LDA outputs by clearly illustrating how Iran's political rhetoric is structured around religious legitimacy, moral framing, geopolitical resistance, and global humanitarian appeals. The findings demonstrate the strategic use of linguistic framing to shape global perceptions, polarise national identities and international roles.